13th International Conference on Fracture June 16–21, 2013, Beijing, China -10- 4PB tests results show that “B” treatment provides the highest results relating to callus resistance, toughness and rigidity. The relationship between the maximum force and the gap size for the right femurs also shows that B treatment is above that of the “A” treatment. Treatment Fmax (N) Ea (mJoule) Rigidity (N·mm-1) “A” (right femurs) 14 7 56 “B” (right femurs) 76 18 94 UMI tests results show that cortical tissue is consistently harder than the trabecular bone. In both cases “B” treatment provides harder samples and is thus more effective. Treatment Cortical Hardness (GPa) Trabecular Hardness (GPa) “A” (right femurs) 0,61 ± 0,08 0,54 ± 0,05 “B” (right femurs) 0,67 ± 0,1 0,57 ± 0,06 “A” and “B” treatments provide, especially in the right operated femurs, an elastic modulus equal to that of a normal fracture. Examining the bone fracture healing of rat femurs in a pseudoarthrosis model, “B” treatment provides pathological bones with more suitable biomechanical properties than “A” treatment. Acknowledgements The authors of this work would like to express their gratitude to IFIMAV (Institute of formation and Investigation Marqués de Valdecilla) for the economical support to perform the study. References [1] P. Siegel. ANAT 416: Development, Disease and Regeneration, Lecture: Bone Remodelling and Fracture Repair. [Class handout]. Retrieved March 5, 2012. [2] F. H. Netter. Musculoskeletal system: Anatomy, physiology, and metabolic disorders. Summit, New Jersey: Ciba-Geigy (1987). [3] A. G. Robling, A. B. Castillo & C. H. Turner. Biomechanical and Molecular Regulation of Bone Remodeling. The Annual Review of Biomedical Engineering, vol. 8, (2006) 455–498. [4] V. C. Mow & W. M. Lai. Mechanics of Animal Joints. Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics, vol. 11, p. 247. Retrieved March 28, 2012 [5] C. H. Turner & D. B. Burr. Basic biomechanical measure of a bone: a tutorial. Bone, vol. 14, (1993) 595–608. [6] Sprague Dawley. (2001, January 31). Retrieved March 03, 2012, from http://www.sageresearchmodels.com/research-models/outbred-rats/sprague-dawley [7] A. I. King. Fundamentals of Impact Biomechanics: Part 2. Biomechanics of the Abdomen, Pelvis, and Lower Extremities. Annual review of Biomedical Engineering, 3, (2011) 27–55. [8] S. L., Ferreri, B. Hu & Y. Qin. Nano indentation Measurements of Viscoelastic Materials Properties are sensitive to Preparation Techniques. Bioengineering Conference, Proceedings of the 2010 IEEE 36th Annual Northeast. Stony Brook, New York: Stony Brook University. [9] L. Sun et al. Evaluation of the mechanical properties of rat bone under simulated microgravity using nanoindentation. Acta Biomaterialia, vol. 5 (9) 2009.
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