13th International Conference on Fracture June 16–21, 2013, Beijing, China -8- 4. Conclusions We have performed FE simulations to study the erosion rate of a deformable substrate under multiple impacts using both spherical and irregular non-spherical solid particles. The material model employed is Johnson-Cook visco-plastic model for plastic deformation and Johnson-Cook material failure criterion for material removal. A five-particle impact process is employed to analyze the erosion process. The relations between the erosion rate and the impact angle and velocity have been obtained and compared with literature data. It is found that the erosion rate and velocity obey a power law relation and the exponent value obtained from our finite element simulation is in accordance with the literature ones. The exponent for irregular particles is higher than that for regular sphere particles. The impact angle for the maximum erosion rate predicted from our finite element simulation is in the range of 40-45°. This range agrees well with the published data. Interesting future research works include the establishment of the relation between material removal and particle geometry and the application of the model to study the erosion processes in complex offshore structures. References [1] Keles, Ozgul and Inal, O.T., A Review on Solid Particle Erosion of Ductile and Brittle Materials, Recent Res. Devel. Mat. Sci. 3, (2002) 499–528. [2] I. Finnie, Erosion of surfaces by solid particles. Wear, 3 (1960) 87–103. [3] J.G.A. Bitter, A study of erosion phenomena. Part I, Wear, 6 (1963) 5–21. [4] J.G.A. Bitter, A study of erosion phenomena. Part II, Wear, 6 (1963) 169–190. [5] I.M. Hutchings, Ductile–brittle transitions and wear maps for the erosion and abrasion of brittle materials. J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 25 (1992) A212–A221. [6] M.S. ElTobgy, E. Ng, M.A. Elbestawi., Finite element modeling of erosive wear. International Journal of Machine Tools & Manufacture, 45 (2005) 1337–1346. [7] Yu-Fei Wang, Zhen-Guo Yang., Finite element model of erosive wear on ductile and brittle materials. Wear, 265 (2008) 871–878. [8] D. Aquaro, E. Fontani, Erosion of Ductile and Brittle Materials, Meccanica, 36 (2001) 651-661. [9] D. Alman, J. Tylczak, J. Hawk, M. Hebsur, Solid particle erosion behavior of an Si3N4–MoSi2. Mater. Sci. Eng. A261 (1999) 245–251. [10] G.R. Johnson, W.H. Cook, A constitutive model and data for metals subjected to large strains, high strain rates and high temperatures, in: Proceedings of the 7th International Symposium on Ballistics, The Hague, 1983, pp.541–547. [11] G.R. Johnson, W.H. Cook, Fracture characteristics of three metals subjected to various strains, strain rates, temperatures and pressures. Eng. Fract. Mech, 21 (1) (1985) 31–48. [12]M. Meo, R. Vignevic, Finite element analysis of residual stress induced by shot peening process. Adv. Eng. Software, 34 (2003) 569–575. [13]I. Finnie, The mechanism of erosion of ductile metals. Proceedings of the Third National Congress on Applied Mechanics, New York, 1958, pp. 527–532. [14]M. Hashish, Modified model for erosion, Seventh International Conference on Erosion by Liquid and Solid Impact. Cambridge, England, 1987, pp. 461–480. [15] G.L. Scheldon, A. Kanhere, An investigation of impingement erosion using single particles. Wear, 21 (1972) 195–209. [16]S. Yerramareddy, S. Bahadur, Effect of operational variables, microstructure and mechanical properties on the erosion of Ti–6Al–4V. Wear, 142 (1991) 253–263. [17]G.R. Desale, B.K. Gandhi, S.C. Jain, Effect of erodent properties on erosion wear of ductile type materials. Wear, 261 (2006) 914–921.
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