13th International Conference on Fracture June 16–21, 2013, Beijing, China -9- by monitoring the changes of surface temperature and resonance frequency. 3. The crack initiation process occupied over 99% of the total fatigue life for BM and HAZ, but much larger for FZ specimens at relatively low stress amplitude. This was due to the reason that fatigue crack propagated directly from the welding defects for FZ specimen without apparent initiation process. Acknowledgement This work was financially supported by Chinese National Science Foundation (No.10925211). Thanks Prof. C. X. Huang for his guidance. References [1] Q.Y. Wang, C. Bathias, N. Kawagoishi, Q. Chen, Effect of inclusion on subsurface crack initiation and gigacycle fatigue strength, International Journal of Fatigue, Volume 24, Issue 12, December 2002, Pages 1269-1274 [2] Y Furuya, S Matsuoka, T Abe, K Yamaguchi, Gigacycle fatigue properties for high-strength low-alloy steel at 100 Hz, 600 Hz, and 20 kHz, Scripta Materialia, Volume 46, Issue 2, 18 January 2002, Pages 157-162, ISSN 1359-6462 [3] Lixing Huo, Dongpo Wang, Yufeng Zhang, Investigation of the fatigue behaviour of the welded joints treated by TIG dressing and ultrasonic peening under variable-amplitude load, International Journal of Fatigue, Volume 27, Issue 1, January 2005, Pages 95-101 [4] Claude Bathias, Piezoelectric fatigue testing machines and devices, International Journal of Fatigue, Volume 28, Issue 11, November 2006, Pages 1438-1445 [5] Z.D. Sun, C. Bathias, G. Baudry, Fretting fatigue of 42CrMo4 steel at ultrasonic frequency, International Journal of Fatigue, Volume 23, Issue 5, May 2001, Pages 449-453 [6] Yukitaka Murakami, Masayuki Takada, Toshiyuki Toriyama, Super-long life tension–compression fatigue properties of quenched and tempered 0.46% carbon steel, International Journal of Fatigue, Volume 20, Issue 9, October 1998, Pages 661-667 [7] Q.Y. Wang, M.R. Sriraman, N. Kawagoishi, Q. Chen, Fatigue crack growth of bonded composite repairs in gigacycle regime, International Journal of Fatigue, Volume 28, Issue 10, October 2006, Pages 1197-1201 [8] Zhi Yong Huang, Danièle Wagner, Qing Yuan Wang, Claude Bathias, Effect of carburizing treatment on the “fish eye” crack growth for a low alloyed chromium steel in very high cycle fatigue, Materials Science and Engineering: A, Volume 559, 1 January 2013, Pages 790-797 [9] H.Q. Xue, E. Bayraktar, C. Bathias, Damage mechanism of a nodular cast iron under the very high cycle fatigue regime, Journal of Materials Processing Technology, Volume 202, Issues 1–3, 20 June 2008, Pages 216-223 [10] Israel Marines-Garcia, Paul C. Paris, Hiroshi Tada, Claude Bathias, Fatigue crack growth from small to long cracks in very-high-cycle fatigue with surface and internal “fish-eye” failures for ferrite-perlitic low carbon steel SAE 8620, Materials Science and Engineering: A, Volumes 468–470, 15 November 2007, Pages 120-128 [11] Israel Marines-Garcia, Paul C. Paris, Hiroshi Tada, Claude Bathias, Fatigue crack growth from small to long cracks in VHCF with surface initiations, International Journal of Fatigue, Volume
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