pores are filled with a liquid but fractures are filled with gas, flow will occur from pores into fractures due to high compressibility of gas. Thus an intermediate case exists where there is no flow and hence no dispersion or attenuation. Acknowledgments The authors thank Australia Curtin University, CSIRO and The Twelfth Five-Year National Major Projects of China (2011ZX05004-003) and National Nature Science Foundation of China (41274112) for financial support. References [1] J.E. White, N.G. Mikhaylova, F.M. Lyakhovitsky, Low-frequency seismic waves in fluid saturated layered rocks. Izvestija Academy of Sciences USSR, Physics of the Solid Earth, 11 (1975) 654-659. [2] B. Gurevich, S.L. Lopatnikov, Velocity and attenuation of elastic waves in finely layered porous rocks. Geophys. J. Int., 121 (1995) 933–947. [3] S.R. Pride, J.H. Harris, D.L. Johnson, A. Mateeva, K.T. Nihei, R.L. Nowack, J.W. Rector, H. Spetzler, R.Wu, T. Yamomoto, J. G. Berryman, M. Fehler, Acquisition/processing —Permeability dependence of seismic amplitudes. The Leading Edge, 22 (2003) 518–525. [4] T.M. Müller, B. Gurevich, M. Lebede, Seismic wave attenuation and dispersion due to wave-induced flow in porous rocks – a review. Geophysics, 75 (2010) A147–A164. [5] J.E. White, Computed seismic speeds and attenuation in rocks withpartial gas saturation. Geophysics, 40 (1975) 224–232. [6] G.A. Gist, Interpreting laboratory velocity measurements in partially gas-saturated rocks. Geophysics, 59 (1994) 1100–1109. [7] D.L. Johnson, Theory of frequency dependent acoustics in patchy saturated porous media. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 110 (2001) 682–694. [8] J. Toms, T.M. Müller, B. Gurevich, Seismic attenuation in porousrocks with random patchy saturation. Geophysical Prospecting, 55 (2007) 671–678. [9] J.A. Hudson, T. Pointer, E. Liu, Effective-medium theories for fluid-saturated materials with aligned cracks. Geophysical Prospecting, 49 (2001) 509–522. [10] M. Chapman, Frequency dependent anisotropy due to mesoscale fractures in the presence of equant porosity. Geophysical Prospecting, 51 (2003) 369–379. [11] M. Jakobsen, T.A. Johansen, C. McCann, The acoustic signature of fluid flow in complex porous media. Journal of Applied Geophysics, 54 (2003) 219–246. [12] M. Brajanovski, B. Gurevich, M. Schoenberg, A model for P-wave attenuation and dispersion in a porous medium permeated by aligned fractures. Geophys. J. Int., 163 (2005) 372–384. [13] B. Gurevich, M. Brajanovski, R.J. Galvin, T.M. Müller, J.T. Stewart, P-wave dispersion and attenuation in fractured and porous reservoirs-poroelasticity approach. Geophysical Prospecting, 57 (2009) 225–237. [14] A.N. Norris, Low-frequency dispersion and attenuation in partially saturated rocks. J. Acoust. Soc. Am., 94 (1993) 359–370. [15] F. Gassmann, Über die elastizität poröser medien. Viertel. Naturforsch: Ges. Zürich, 96 (1951) 1–23.
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