13th International Conference on Fracture June 16–21, 2013, Beijing, China -4- Fig. 4 A photo showing a weight balance of 100g hanging on the interconnected NSFs 4. Conclusions In conclusion, a new kind of surface fastener composed of copper/parylene core/shell nanowire arrays has been proposed through which electrical and mechanical bonding can be realized at room temperature. Electrical measurement indicated that the electrical resistance of the interconnected nanowire array on the fastener is around 0.82 Ω under the preload of 29.4 N. The bonding strength of approximately 50 kPa was obtained. Therefore, this kind of core/shell nanowire surface fastener is hopeful to be used as electrical and mechanical room temperature bonding in the surface mount. Acknowledgements This work was supported in part by the Micro/Nano Mechatronics GCOE for Scientific Research from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology. References [1] A. He, T. Osborn, S. A. B. Allen, P. A. Kohl, Low-temperature Bonding of Copper Pillars for All-copper Chip-to-Substrate Interconnections, Electrochem. Solid-State Lett., 9 (2006) 192–195. [2] K. N. Chen, C. S. Tan, A. Fan, R. Reif, Morphology and bond strength of copper wafer bonding, Electrochem. Solid-State Lett., 7 (2004) 14–16. [3] R. Takigawa, E. Higurashi, T. Suga, R. Sawada, Room-Temperature Bonding of Vertical-Cavity Surface-Emitting Laser Chips on Si Substrates Using Au Microbumps in Ambient Air, Appl. Phys. Express, 1 (2008) 112201. [4] E. Higurashi, T. Fukunaga, T. Suga, Low-Temperature Bonding of GaN on Si Using a Nonalloyed Metal Ohmic Contact Layer for GaN-Based Heterogeneous Devices, IEEE Quan. Electron., 48 (2012) 182-186. [5] J. Lee, B. Bush, R. Maboudian, R. S. Fearing, Directional adhesion of gecko-inspired angled microfiber arrays, Appl. Phys. Lett., 93 (2008) 191910.. [6] J. Lee, C. Majidi, B. Schubert, R. S. Fearing, Sliding-induced adhesion of stiff polymer microfiber arrays. Ι. Macroscale behavior, J. R. Soc. Interface, 5 (2008) 835-844. [7] S. Kim, E. Cheung, M. Sitti, Wet Self-Cleaning of Biologically Inspired Elastomer Mushroom Shaped Microfibrillar Adhesives, Langmuir, 25 (2009) 7196-7199. [8] A. Parness, D. Soto, N. Esparza, N. Gravish, M. Wilkinson, K. Autumn, M. Cutkosky, A microfabricated wedge-shaped adhesive array displaying gecko-like dynamic adhesion, directionality and long lifetime, J. R. Soc. Interface, 6 (2009) 1223-1232. [9] Kim, T. I., Jeong, H. et al, Stooped Nanohairs: Geometry-Controllable, Unidirectional, Reversible, and Robust Gecko-like Dry Adhesive, Adv. Mater., 21 (2009) 2276-2281. [10] M. P. Murphy, B. Aksak, M. Sitti, Gecko-Inspired Directional and Controllable Adhesion, Small, 5 (2009) 170-175. [11] L. T. Qu, L. M. Dai, M. Stone, Z, Xia, Z. L. Wang, Carbon nanotube arrays with strong shear
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